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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced Wednesday it has revoked authorization for color additive Red No. 3 from food, beverages, and drugs. Health concerns over dye have existed since it was banned from cosmetics in 1990 after it was found that large doses led to the development of cancer in lab rats.
The FDA says it amended its color additive regulation based on the Delaney Clause of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, which prohibits the authorization of food additives if it’s been found to cause cancer in animals or humans. Although the studies from the 1990s showed high levels of the dye caused cancer to develop in male rats, the administration did specify that the reaction was a ”rat-specific hormonal mechanism” and exposure to humans was much lower than that of rats.
Red No. 3’s ban comes two years after a petition to revoke the color additive was submitted by 23 organizations, including the Center for Science in the Public Interest, Breast Cancer Prevention Partners, the Center for Environmental Health, and the Center for Food Safety. The organizations said in the petition that children in the U.S. had the highest exposure to the color additive.
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